The author argues that in our current era of information overload, ubiquitous electronic entertainment, demanding work, and global challenges, the urge to simplify, reform, and cleanse one's life by building a cabin in the woods – as Thoreau did – remains strong. Thoreau's focus on "only the essential facts of life" resonates even today, amidst a thriving vacation industry and the allure of second homes in more natural environments.

Ultimately, the introduction sets the stage for an exploration of why Walden's message to "Simplify, simplify" continues to be relevant and influential in the modern world, despite the complexities of contemporary life.